City States, Kingdoms and Empires in Mesopotamia

The city of Adab was mostly a city that belonged to larger empires, but under the king Lugal-anne-mundu, Adab conquered all of Mesopotamia for a brief period.

The Akkadian Empire was started by Sargon of Akkad ("Sargon the Great"), based around the city state of Akkad, around 2330 - 2150 BCE. The Akkadian period follows the Early Dynastic period.

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Bad-tibira was the second oldest city in Sumeria, according to the Sumerian King List. This city of craftsmen was home to Dumuzi, the god of harvests.

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The city of Larsa was one of five old cities from before the flood. It was an important trading city and centre for mathematical learning, and and important city state and kingdom.

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Mari was an important trading city on the Euphrates, located in present day Syria. It was the staging post between Sumeria in the south and Egypt, Anatolia (Turkey) and the Mediterranean Sea.

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Nineveh was maybe the most beautiful city in the world at the height of its fame.

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The city of Ur is one of the oldest in human history. Ur was founded around 4000 BCE, and abandoned around 500 BCE, lasting for 3,500 years. Initially it was an independent city-state, but it was later incorporated into many of the empires that stretched accross southern Mesopotamia.

Uruk is one of the oldest city in the world, and around 3500 BCE it was probably the largest city. It is believed that writing was started in Uruk.